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In large, multicenter clinical studies, a therapy has been shown to significantly lower the risk of lung and brain damage in some very low birthweight premature infants. Results from two randomized clinical trials demonstrate that when given within the first few weeks of life, inhaled nitric oxide helps prevent chronic lung disease in some low birthweight premature infants. In addition, when used within 48 hours after birth, treatment appears to protect some premature newborns from brain injury.

Study to evaluate where a bedside brainwave monitor can be used to detect early brain injury in premature infants.

Study sponsored by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHD will evaluate the effects of giving magnesium to premature infants.